A Common International Business Discussion - 1880 Words

A common international business discussion in America today, is the assumption of an ominous Chinese power play in business. Americans assume that the combination of industry leverage and sheer number in population gives China a global advantage that they can exploit at will, a card they are sitting on, waiting to play. To help explore this concept, I will focus on China’s tech industry. We will examine some of China’s behemoth corporations in this market segment and compare them to their equivalents in the United States. Chinese corporations are subject to government oversight and many are restricted to the size of their economies due to relationships the government has created with the rest of the global economy. If the oversight and restrictions did not exist, would these corporations dominate the tech industry, or will they dominate regardless? Due to China’s huge economic growth and their large population, the equivalents to Apple, HP, Google, and Amazon in the once isolated Chinese eco-system are much larger than their American counterparts. Now these behemoths are pacing into the US marketspace; Lenovo through acquisitions, Alibaba through a New York Stock Exchange Public Offering, Xiaomi through growth of their smartphone, and Huawei by changing the costs of cutting edge network technology. Integration with Chinese technology raises concerns for Americans, their allies, and their respective policy makers. How much worse will the current â€Å"Chinese hacking†Show MoreRelatedEthics As A Key Term Essay939 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion Board # 1 Johan Rivera Liberty University KEY TERM and WHY YOU ARE INTERESTED IN IT This paper will discuss ethics as a key term in cross boarder business. This topic is of interest because ethics are present in every day’s activities. For Christians, ethics is an important concept because it represents the image of the creator, God. As ambassadors of His world, Christians have the responsibility to edify others by living a moral and ethical life style. In the business field, the valuesRead MoreInternational Business Ethics And Ethical Issues Within International Organizations1113 Words   |  5 Pagesand raise a very important topic of discussion that may, or may not affect your opinion within international organisations. Do you believe international business encourage firms and organisations to become socially responsible and ethical global citizens? What I am here to tell you today is that with the correct organisational procedures, internationally renowned businesses are able to become socially responsible and ethically recognised. However when interna tional organisations have unseemly and immoralRead MoreThe International Conference On Harmonization Essay862 Words   |  4 Pages(GCG) and the ICH MedDRA management Board are subcommittees of ICH Streeting Committees The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) announced on 8 July 2014 that the influential international pharmaceutical regulatory harmonization body has elected to add two new regulators to its Steering Committee from Health Canada (HC) and Swiss regulator. The East African Community (EAC) has joined the International Conference on Harmonization’s (ICH) steering committee as the sixth Regional HarmonizationRead MoreNorth Americas Comparative Advantage1458 Words   |  6 PagesOn October 13, 2015, the Universal Corporation hosted the 21st annual International Business Forum in the University Student Commons Ballroom, which was sponsored by the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Business every year when the forum is organized. The International Business Forum has been established by VCU in 1994 with the support of both private and public organizations from Richmond and Central Virginia. Each year, the forum has been supported through generous grants from the UniversalRead More432 Objectives Wk 11 2002740 Words   |  3 Pagesits business in 1988? Did the changes make sense? (2) Evaluate Avon’s financial condition in mid-1988. Why was Avon reducing its dividend? (3) What was the purpose of the exchange offer? (4) What payoffs does an Avon PERCS provide as a function of the future stock price? What specifically is motivating this design? I marketability an issue? (5) As in institutional investor holding Avon stock, how would you evaluate the tradeoff between accepting the new preferred and keeping the common stockRead MoreTheory of Temporary Competitive Advantage1492 Words   |  6 Pagesopportunities can be effectively seized and business strategies modeled on temporary competitive advantage. Using the literature hereafter to outline the reasons for and impact of this theoretical shift, the present discussion will provide a basic overview of the theory of temporary competitive advantage. First and foremost, we consider that temporary competitive advantage is no longer the accidental consequence of a declining permanent advantage. In other words, business theory and scholarly research haveRead MoreDifferent Relationships Between Companies, Governments, And Customers Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesArjun Jolly, Harvinder Saini, Jahanzeb Ali Jafery Class 1 Several transactions occur every day in the international landscape and these are the special focus of the International Business. There are different relationships between companies, governments, and customers that shape the way business are conducted and challenge the strategy when a new market is going to be explored. There are two common activities that Multinational Enterprises MNEs perform: exports and imports, and foreign direct investmentsRead MoreThe Challenges Of Leadership During The Modern World1412 Words   |  6 Pages followers, and the common goal they want to achieve† (Bennis, 2007, p. 3-4). This article is important to the discussion because it not only addresses the challenges of modern leadership but also asserts the significance of fostering strong relationships between leaders and the followers. This enhances their capacity to achieve their common goals more effectively. Copeland, M. K. (2014). The emerging significance of value-based leadership: A literature review. International Journal of LeadershipRead MoreA Converged Conceptual Framework1163 Words   |  5 Pagesimproved, common conceptual framework that builds on their existing frameworks (that is, the IASB’s Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements and the FASB’s Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts). Rationale for the Project and Project Objective A conceptual framework is basically a foundation serving as a guide to standard setters to help them establish the principles and concepts. Therefore, the conceptual framework project is to develop an improved common conceptualRead MoreThe Standards Of Accounting Standards830 Words   |  4 Pagesin regards its function in real business. The standards of accounting have been developed throughout years and many countries has applied different accounting standard. However, as business world has become interconnected, there is an urged in need to have one stand-alone of accounting standards that could use worldwide. Therefore, many countries developed convergence of their accounting standard into International Financial reporting standard (IFRS) by International Accounting Standard Boards (IASB)

Persuasive Speech Outline - 1169 Words

Title: What’s In Your Glass? Topic: The Opposition of Artificial Intelligence Method of organization: Refutative Specific Purpose: My specific purpose of this speech is to encourage those who oppose artificial intelligence to see the good that can be done with this technology. Thesis: In this presentation I hope to explain the opposition that artificial intelligence faces, show examples of successful uses of AI, and challenge those opposed to this technology to consider a change of position. Introduction: I’m sure that most of you have seen the movie I, Robot, or perhaps The Matrix. Both are very popular movies and both contain an antagonist in the form of an artificial intelligence system that sees destruction and†¦show more content†¦Both projects sound like they can have a positive effect in the field of medicine right? i.) Both of these projects are employing the use of AI to sort and link data. b.) Another example comes from the financial giant American Express Co., where AI is used to monitor for fraudulent activities. i.) According to Vernon Marshall, who is American Express’s Functional Risk Officer, the company’s â€Å"machine learning models help protect $1 trillion in charge volume every year, making decisions in less than 2 milliseconds.†(Clark, 2014) Can you imagine trying to keep all of that information current by other means? III. We can see that artificial intelligence can have many beneficial applications, from healthcare advanceme nt to financial security. But why should you take the stance of supporting the development of artificial intelligence? a.) We have a moral obligation to each other to help society improve itself. Specifically, if we can help one person better their situation through the use of artificial intelligence then why wouldn’t we? What if it benefited you? i.) Remember, companies are already using AI to help solve problems in healthcare. Imagine being told you are suffering from a terminal condition and the only way to cure it is to use research derived from the use of AI. Would youShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech : Persuasive Outline2149 Words   |  9 PagesDyadic Persuasive Comprehensive Outline General Purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience how to be more successful as a college student. I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: How many of you have said that there are too many options? Whether you are talking about choosing a college, class selection once you get to college, or even something as simple as choosing what to eat for dinner tonight. If you made a choice on what career field you will enter after college, you come toRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline1309 Words   |  6 PagesPersuasive Speech Outline (Using Monroe’s Motivated Sequence) Topic: Voting in Election Specific Purpose: To persuade the audience to vote in democratic elections to voice out their opinions and beliefs regardless of their background, to decide for their future, and to preserve the essence of democracy. Attention: * Provide a vivid description of people struggling to fight for their voting rights in certain countries. * Share relevant facts /statistics of how a small number of votesRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline1028 Words   |  5 PagesPERSUASIVE SPEECH OUTLINE TOPIC: WHY YOU SHOULD GIVE UP SMOKING PROPOSITION: Give up smoking and you will save yourself and the others around you and live in a healthy environment. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES/PURPOSES: I want to persuade my audience on how harmful smoking does to the body and giving up the habit is the right way to do because it will literally save their lives and the people around them and the environment as well. SPEECH PLAN ATTENTION STEP: Opening statement: Smoking†¦Read MorePersuasive Speech : Speech Outline819 Words   |  4 PagesElmer Lombana Jr. Dr. Shane Gunderson SPC 2608 November 6, 2015 Persuasive Speech Outline General Purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience to contact Florida Department of Education to incorporate Personal Finance courses in high schools. Thesis: Instead of teaching children in schools non-vital skills like sewing and baking, Personal Finance should be taught in Home Economics or as a curriculum during a summer semester if not fulfilled with aforementioned elective. I. TheRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline994 Words   |  4 Pages10/31/12 Persuasive Speech Outline I. ADG- It is not a myth why people call fast food disgusting. On a Friday night during my graveyard shift at McDonald’s a drunken customer passed by the Drive-Thru around 2:30a.m.While my coworker was taking his order the customer decided to cuss and call her really offensive names because she couldn’t get his order right. She got mad and decided to spit in the customers Sweet Tea, she was immediately fired when another coworker told the manager. Since I startedRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline2793 Words   |  12 PagesSamples of Persuasive speech Outline SAMPLE 1 From the time we wake up in the morning to the moment we lay are head down at night, we are constantly making choices. Some take a conscious effort, some should, and some do not. Have you ever taken the time to really stop and think if you’re giving the correct amount of attention to the right choice? I’m here today to ask you to be more conscious of what you eat. I’m going to discuss health reasons, effect of food advertisements, reading foodRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline1649 Words   |  7 PagesComm 110 Informative Outline Template (remember that a presentation aid must be used within the body of this speech.) Please label these parts as you create your outline: I. Introduction a. College is an integral time period for many people – college is a time for freedom, receiving an education, and learning what it means to survive on little to no food for long periods of time. Or at least that’s what it’s been like for me. Food is arguably one of the most important things to a collegeRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline1232 Words   |  5 PagesI. Attention A. Attention Grabber: In this moment in time, the United States has only 5 percent of the world s population, but holds 25 percent of the world s prisoners, this is costing the country approximately $80 billion dollars per year. B. Tie to Audience: From your point of view, you might think that keeping all the law violators behind bars is a positive thing because it enhances public safety, but you should take a look on how incarcerating people impacts families and the nation’s economyRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline On Immunizations1004 Words   |  5 PagesPersuasive Speech Outline Immunizations Specific Purpose: The specific purpose of my topic is to persuade my audience that immunizations are important and actually do more good than harm. Thesis: Immunizations are one of the most important medical advances in history. They have severely reduced the effects of dozens of viral infections and everyone should consider getting immunized. Introduction: Take a good look. These are the effects of just some of dozens of infectious diseases we are dealingRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline Essay1117 Words   |  5 PagesPersuasive Speech Outline ALL 50 STATES SHOULD HAVE MANDATORY MOTORCYCLE HELMET LAWS TOPIC: Mandatory motorcycle helmet laws PURPOSE: To persuade the audience that all 50 states should enact and enforce a mandatory motorcycle helmet law. THESIS STATEMENT: Mandatory helmet laws save lives and dollars. INTRODUCTION ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Did you know that only 19 states and the District of Columbia have laws in place that require all motorcycle riders to wear a helmet? 19!? 28 states have laws covering

Cyber Monday Giving Tuesday †Deep Discount Extended 48 Hours Left! Free Essays

Cyber Monday Giving Tuesday Deep Discount Offered 48 Hours Only – ACT NOW! The break over this past weekend provided us a collective pause from our busy norms to focus on the â€Å"whys† rather than the â€Å"whats† of life – to be thankful for what we have, and consider sharing our blessings with others. As we return to routine work, we have an opportunity to make a difference for others. The Tuesday following Thanksgiving is a day the world has come to recognize over the last six years as a global day of giving back. We will write a custom essay sample on Cyber Monday Giving Tuesday – Deep Discount Extended 48 Hours Left! or any similar topic only for you Order Now On this day our site has decided to further GIVE back to our clients. This is our way of saying â€Å"THANK YOU† to our clients. Even though, Cyber Monday is over but there is still time to make a saving with our Cyber Monday offers! Place your order now and get up to 20% off your essay, DISSERTATION or RESEARCH PAPER in the next 48 Hours. This Sales ends on November 30th, 2017 at mid-night, so ACT NOW. Use the following code to get 20% off your order: CYBER20 If you want to make the most of the sale, kindly reply to this email with the details of your assignment, or go to our website and place an order with us. Giving can mean something different to everyone. To learn more about how you can help, we encourage you to check with you local charities in your area. Two resources in particular that we have become fond of over the years include WikiPedia and Red Cross, so please consider GIVING them some donation as you deem appropriate. How to cite Cyber Monday Giving Tuesday – Deep Discount Extended 48 Hours Left!, Essay examples

Principles of Management Calin Rovinescu

Question: Discuss about the Principles of Management Calin Rovinescu. Answer: Introduction The following paper discusses principles of management with reference to Calin Rovinescu who is the CEO of Air Canada. He has served the role of managing the company for the past eight years. The Manager has also worked in other positions in the company since 2000 (Aircanada.com, 2017). Calin Rovinescu managerial roles Calin Rovinescu competently handles his interpersonal and informational roles as the president and Chief Executive officer of the Air Canada. He acts has the figurehead, leader and liaison of the company. He is the symbol of authority and the figurehead in companys legal and social duties. The manager motivates, builds relationships and communicates with the employees of the company to influence performance and increase the companys returns. Calin Rovinescu also communicates on behalf of the company. He disseminates information from external or internal sources. He also acts as the spokesperson to the outsiders. Therefore it can be said that Calin Rovinescu roles in Air Canada corresponds to Minztbergs managerial roles. Calin Rovinescu functions in management Planning: The manager is involved in forecasting the future of the company. He formulates the desired results for Air Canada. The manager is involved in creating both short term and long term objectives of the company. He formulates strategic plan for meeting companys objectives. The manager communicates the mission and vision of the company to keep the employees focused in continuously improving performance. The manager ensures that the company has resources to support the plan by overseeing preparation of a budget. Organizing: The manager is involved in creating a structure in the company that enhances communication and performance of daily tasks. Calin Rovinescu brings together physical and human resources to enhance the company performance. It is through organizing the manager is able to develop a chain of command that enhances effectiveness and efficiency in the organization. Calin Rovinescu is also involved in delegating responsibilities and ensuring coordination in the tasks that are performed in the company in order to achieve goals and objectives (Canada, 2017). Leading: Calin Rovinescu is the leader of Air Canada. He is continuously involved in influencing employees in the company to achieve the predetermined goals and objectives. He supervises, motivates and communicates with all personnel in the organization to influence their performance and ensure set objectives are met. Controlling activities: Calin Rovinescu is involved in measurement of the Air Canada performance. He is involved in setting standards for the companys activities and monitoring that actual performance is in accordance to the set standards. He uses the feedback in this process to make corrections in order to ensure that companys activities meet standard (Robbins et al., 2014). Calin Rovinescu effectiveness and efficiency Calin Rovinescu has been effective in the Air Canada for the past years as the CEO of the company. He has been able to increase customer satisfaction by improvi9ng service delivery. This has been enhanced by the effectiveness of the manager to plan and meet predetermined objectives. This has also been enhanced by the ability to influence employees towards exceptional performance and good control of activities. Calin Rovinescu has been efficiently managed the Air Canada Company. Through good organization, the company has been able to increase returns. The company increased both its revenues and total assets. This shows that Calin Rovinescu has successfully succeeded in allocating minimum resources to realize high returns. Calin Rovinescu has been able to exercise good control of activities in the company that has improved returns the past years. Ways that can make Calin Rovinescu more effective and efficient Calin Rovinescu can be more efficient by applying performance appraisal management tools in controlling activities in the organization. This will ensure that performance per employees is appraised thereby increasing control in the organization. This will enable efficient allocation of resources in the company by ensuring performance is effectively controlled (Langton et al., 2014). Calin Rovinescu can increase effectiveness in the company by improving the organizational structure in terms of chain of command, communication and coordination. This can be achieved by adopting an organizational structure that has well defined chains of commands and communication channels. This will improve coordination of tasks in the company and communication leading to easier running of the company. This will improve the companys ability to meet its goals and objectives. Calin Rovinescu effectiveness analysis on delegation and empowerment of employees Calin Rovinescu has delegated several responsibilities and duties in the company. The following departments report directly to the Chief executive officer include Chief finance officer, chief operational officer, secretary, sales, passage airlines, legal and human resource of the organization. The tasks in the organization are further delegated in department to enable performance of tasks in the company. This process ensures that Calin Rovinescu delegates responsibilities in the company to allow easy coordination and communication. Calin Rovinescu has also been able to empower employees in the Air Canada. He has continuously adopted a training and development program in the company to enhance the skills of employees to meet the requirements of their jobs. He has also facilitated morale of the employees by inspiration and rewards. Employees empowerment has also been done by acquisition of talents to the companys labour pool (Robbins et al., 2017). Ethical and Social Corporate Responsibilities Contract of Classical and Social economical approach of social corporate responsibility The social economical approach view corporate social responsibility as part of business. It states that businesses should be involved in solving the societys problem. The social economic view state that business not just exist to maximize shareholders rather exist at part of society. This entails that businesses should be involved in improvement of the society they exist in. This view looks that business benefits in a broader picture and require full business participation to society matters. The responsibility of the business is therefore in the whole society and not shareholders alone. On contract, classical view of Social corporate responsibility states that businesses have a responsibility to shareholders interest only. It states that business should focus on maximizing shareholders wealth and should not be involved in activities that reduce profits like corporate social responsibility (Pike, 2013). Roles of stakeholders in four approaches of social corporate responsibilities According to four approaches of social corporate responsibility, stakeholders have several roles to ensure good relationship of the business and the society. First stakeholders have a role to ensure the company is economically responsible. This ensures that the company gains profits and successes in meeting it economical obligations (Tilt, 2016). Second, the stakeholders have a role to ensure the organization is legally responsible to the society it operates in. This enables the organization to operate within the law. Third, stakeholders have a role to ensure the organization is ethically responsible. This role ensure the company engages on what is right to its customers and environment. Lastly the stakeholders have a role of enabling the company to be philanthropically responsible. This ensures the company supports the society thereby improving the society. These roles enables an organization to create good public relation, improve public, long run profits and better environment the reby enabling sustainability of the company in the society (Jones et al., 2009). Corporate Social responsibility Corporate Social responsibility means activities in the organizations that enable organization relate to it stakeholders responsibility. It involves actions that are aimed to creating a positive operating environment to the organization. This entails organization acting responsibility to all it stakeholders in the society and bringing success to all. It also means the organization doing what it believes is right. The stakeholders of an organization are customers, employees, shareholders, environment, government and community. I think businesses should be socially responsible to the society they operate in. Businesses should not only focus at shareholders interests but rather exist in the society as a responsible citizen. When businesses are socially responsible, they lead to success of all stakeholders of the company and not one side at the expense of the other. Businesses operating socially responsible protect the environment that enables sustainability and long term returns. Corporate Social responsibility enables the organization to build a public image, meet customer expectation, sustain profitability of the company and help improve the society (Trong Tuan, 2012). Self profile: View of management Management is an organizational activity that involves aligning resources to achieve a certain goal. Management involve activities aimed that attaining objectives by use of minimum resources and obtaining maximum returns. It process of several activities that enable businesses to operate and serve their purpose of existence. Management plan, organize, staff, direct and control organizational activities to achieve gals. Planning involve a management activity that predetermine activities to be carried out within a certain period of time. Planning creates focus in the organization by formulating objectives and activities to be done. This enables the organization to serve it purpose of existence. Plan in management projects physical, financial and human resources to be required in attaining a predetermined objective. Planning also projects the time required to complete activities for a specified period. Organizing is part of management that involves arranging activities and delegating re sponsibilities. This process enables sharing of authority to manage resources in the organization. Organizing enables communication in the organization by defining who reports to whom enabling execution of activities in the organization. Organizing enable management systematically delegate duties and responsibilities in the organization enabling effectiveness and efficiency. Staffing is a management activity that deals with activities of human resource in the organization. This activity involves recruiting, promoting and promoting employees in the organization. Staffing enables the organization to acquire and maintain talents that improve productivity. Staffing is an important activity in management because it helps in acquiring skillful qualified employees. Acquiring competent human resource is the first step to achieving organizational objectives. Directing is another management activity that involves influencing employees in the organization to attain a certain goal. It involves supervision and motivation that give employees morale to meet organization expectation performance. Directing also involve providing leadership in the organization that every point to ensure activities are in accordance with the plan. Lastly, the management is involved in controlling activities in the organization. Control involves setting standards for activities and making observations of the actual performance of activities. This means that control act as a monitor to ensure actual activities are undertaken as they are planned. Management therefore is a process of joined activities that complement one another in achieving an organizational goal. Management also has a starting point and follow and process that complete it function in an organization. Management starts by creating a plan, organizing duties and responsibilities, staffing, directing and lastly control. References Aircanada.com,. (2017). Corporate Governance. Aircanada.com. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.aircanada.com/ca/en/aco/home/about/corporate-governance.html Canada, A. (2017). Org Chart Air Canada. TheOfficialBoard. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.theofficialboard.com/org-chart/air-canada Jones, B., Bowd, R., Tench, R. (2009). Corporate irresponsibility and corporate social responsibility: competing realities. Social Responsibility Journal, 5(3), 300-310. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17471110910977249 Langton, N., Robbins, S. P., Judge, T., Breward, K. (2014). Fundamentals of organizational behaviour. Toronto: Pearson. Pike, S. (2013). Destination Marketing and Management Theories and Applications. Tourism Management, 34, 247-248. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.07.005 Robbins, Stephen P., De Cenzo, David A., Coulter, Mary. (2014). Fundamentals of Management: Essential Concepts and Applications, Student Value Edition. Pearson College Div. Robbins, S. P., Coulter, M. K., DeCenzo, D. A. (2017). Fundamentals of management. Tilt, C. (2016). Corporate social responsibility research: the importance of context. International Journal Of Corporate Social Responsibility, 1(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40991-016-0003-7 Trong Tuan, L. (2012). Corporate social responsibility, ethics, and corporate governance. Social Responsibility Journal, 8(4), 547-560. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17471111211272110

Behind “Sympathy” by Paul Laurence Dunbar Essay Example

Behind â€Å"Sympathy† by Paul Laurence Dunbar Paper In the 1890s Paul Laurence Dunbar composed a literary work named Sympathy where the speaker’s attention is on a cage bird. This poem perhaps was the result of Dunbar’s after high school experience operating an elevator cage. That was the only job he could find because he was denied positions in business and journalism because of his race (African-American). And by this literary work it can be inferred that he felt trapped at this job, because of his race and the time period.He also compares throughout the poem himself to the caged bird that does not have the freedom to enjoy the nature and to fly like all other birds (white people) at that time. Dunbar uses imagery and symbolism to establish the mood of the story in the poem. Dunbar at the beginning of the poem says When the sun is bright on the upland slope (2), giving the wonderful and peaceful fragmented image of a shining sun on the top of a mountain. He gives the sensation of freedom to the reader, even though the author does not feel free.During the work he also says when the wind stirs soft through the springing grass giving images to show the reader what is like to be in a bird cage (discriminated). Dunbar’s use of great descriptive words gives the reader the sensation of the reader looking at the bird in the cage, being held and bleeding. And it makes the reader feel like the bird (Dunbar) is desperate to get out. The author was held back from a lot of things, counting furthering his career for the reason of the racial outlining during the civil war. We will write a custom essay sample on Behind â€Å"Sympathy† by Paul Laurence Dunbar specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Behind â€Å"Sympathy† by Paul Laurence Dunbar specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Behind â€Å"Sympathy† by Paul Laurence Dunbar specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He knows what the caged bird feels (1), because he was also detained back.In the last stanza, Dunbar goes on to state about the bird singing, and wanting to get out of this cage immediately and that he sends [a prayer] from his heart’s deep core(19). This symbolizes the Dunbar’s deep need to escape into something further than what he actually is, an isolated poet working at a hotel room. The mood of the work was established by the imagery and the symbolism throughout the poem. In the first stanza, Dunbar starts off with the peaceful image of a green, beautiful and bright landscape. Then he twitches the story a bit by going from a peaceful feeling to a trapped and agonizing one.Dunbar knows why the caged bird beats his wing/ till his blood is red on the cruel bars (8-9), he lived it his own way by the oppression to African-American people in the civil war, he kind of tried to escape the same way. I know why the caged bird sings, ah me, labeling for the reader how the bird really feels after describing everything around him and why he beats his wings to get out of the cage. Dunbar excellent use of imagery and symbolism persuades the reader to get engaged with the story of the poem. And Dunbar’s life experiences gave him the inspiration to come up with the mood of the poem.

Free Essays on The Heros Journey

The Hero’s Journey The Hero’s Journey is something that is very important to our society. It is something used universally in stories, poems, and plays. This is probably because it reflects the lives of so many. This reflection makes these stories not only timely, but interesting and helpful. Now of course it is not an exact duplicate of our lives. Take Hercules, we all know that as a young child in a crib, none of us killed snakes. We also realize that on our â€Å"journey† whatever it may be, we don’ t carry our children in our thigh. We do however carry our children. The journey from someone’s childhood, to their adulthood is not just a journey for them, but a journey for their parents and loved ones. It follows The Hero’s Journey quite well. All over the world people watch their children from birth, through school, which is always a traumatic event, through marriage, adulthood, and even death. This journey for the parent’s is one of heartache, pride, and e ven extreme joy. This is also something that brings all parents together, and makes this topic so universal. Things like this happen today, happened yesterday, and will happen tomorrow, this is what makes this archetype as relevant today as it was hundreds of thousand of years ago. The relevance is what makes it so popular, and the reason that stories of this type are so widely read, and universally taught. By teaching these stories we learn how to better handle our lives, and how to help others handle theirs. It also helps us understand the path that we are on, how to travel that path, and that we are never alone on that path. I have experienced this archetype in my own life. It was however in my great grandfather. He is ninety years old and coming to the end of his life. He has been through his life, and seen the life of his kids. Their journey through childhood, it was filled with happiness, and heartache. Their journey through school, marriage, divorce, adult... Free Essays on The Hero's Journey Free Essays on The Hero's Journey The Hero’s Journey The Hero’s Journey is something that is very important to our society. It is something used universally in stories, poems, and plays. This is probably because it reflects the lives of so many. This reflection makes these stories not only timely, but interesting and helpful. Now of course it is not an exact duplicate of our lives. Take Hercules, we all know that as a young child in a crib, none of us killed snakes. We also realize that on our â€Å"journey† whatever it may be, we don’ t carry our children in our thigh. We do however carry our children. The journey from someone’s childhood, to their adulthood is not just a journey for them, but a journey for their parents and loved ones. It follows The Hero’s Journey quite well. All over the world people watch their children from birth, through school, which is always a traumatic event, through marriage, adulthood, and even death. This journey for the parent’s is one of heartache, pride, and e ven extreme joy. This is also something that brings all parents together, and makes this topic so universal. Things like this happen today, happened yesterday, and will happen tomorrow, this is what makes this archetype as relevant today as it was hundreds of thousand of years ago. The relevance is what makes it so popular, and the reason that stories of this type are so widely read, and universally taught. By teaching these stories we learn how to better handle our lives, and how to help others handle theirs. It also helps us understand the path that we are on, how to travel that path, and that we are never alone on that path. I have experienced this archetype in my own life. It was however in my great grandfather. He is ninety years old and coming to the end of his life. He has been through his life, and seen the life of his kids. Their journey through childhood, it was filled with happiness, and heartache. Their journey through school, marriage, divorce, adult...

Application Controls, Monitoring, and Honeypots Essay

Application Controls, Monitoring, and Honeypots - Essay Example In addition to maintaining the rules, someone must respond to the alerts. Sometimes signatures may also match valid activity, meaning that responding to alerts first requires determining whether the alert is the result of an intrusion or unexpected, but valid, system activity. All of these require highly trained personnel to carry out (Skoudis, 2002). The implication here is, and as our company's ICT director confirmed, that current intrusion detection systems are somewhat limited in capacity. This does not mean that current intrusion systems are not effective but only they are not as effective as required. Within the context of the stated, it is commonly held that anomaly detection will ultimately prove more valuable and robust because it has the potential to identify previously unknown intrusions or attacks. It is, thus, that the corporation is currently investigating the implementation of honeypots. Honeypots are new security technologies that, while not a replacement for traditional intrusion detection systems, address some of the weaknesses of intrusion detection systems (Spitzner, 2003). As their only purpose is to be attacked, all traffic to the honeypot can be considered an intrusion or an anomaly of some sort. For this reason there is no need to separate normal traffic from anomalous; this makes any data collected from a honeypot of high value. Added to that, since honeypots have no production value, no resource or person should be communicating with them, and therefore any activity arriving at a honeypot is likely to be a probe, scan, or attack. Their value comes from their potential ability to capture scans, probes, attacks, and other malicious activity (Spitzner, 2003). There are three types of honeypots: low interaction, medium interaction, and high interaction. In order to collect information a honeypot must interact with the attacker, and the level of interaction refers to the degree of interaction the honeypot has with a potential attacker (Spitzner, 2003). A low interaction honeypot provides minimal service, like an open port. A medium interaction honeypot simulates basic interactions like asking for a login and password, but providing no actual service to log into. High interaction honeypots offer a fully functioning service or operating system, which can potentially be compromised (Spitzner, 2003). Honeypots have also been shown to be effective against Internet worms. Laurent Oudot (2006) demonstrated how MSBlast could be detected and captured using Honeyd and some simple scripts. He also showed how worm propagation can be slowed using Honeyd to attract the worms attention and then respond very slowly to its requests. Using scripts, Oudot demonstrated how a honeypot could even launch a counter attack against a worm outbreak, either by isolating services or network segments, or by abusing the same vulnerability the worm used and then trying to kill the worm process. Honeypots do face several important challenges: 1) honeypots are totally unaware of attacks not directed at them, 2) they must avoid being fingerprinted because if an attacker can easily identify honeypots their usefulness will be severely limited, and 3) like so many security technologies, they require configuring and maintaining by a knowledgeable person (Spitzner, 2003). Honeypots, because of their very nature, excel at detection. What makes them most attractive in the area of detection is the fact that they

The Evolution of the Eukaryotic Cell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Evolution of the Eukaryotic Cell - Essay Example Proponents propose that flagella derived from the symbiotic relationship of a host cell with a parasitic spirochete. A parasitic spirochete attached to surface of the host cell to gain food through the cell membrane, and the host cell gained motility from its whip-like motions. The beneficial relationship between the organisms evolved in the same manner as that of mitochondria and chloroplasts. Serial Endosymbiotic Theory (SET) The endosymbiotic theory related to the primitive origins of the organelles: mitochondria and chloroplasts. According to the endosymbiotic theory, these originated as prokaryotic organisms, which were engulfed by a larger prokaryote through phagocytosis. This larger prokaryote was probably a rickettsia bacterium, which is an anaerobic proteobacteria that was a precursor to the mitochondria organelle. Similarly, chloroplasts come from an autotrophic prokaryote called endosymbiotic cyanobacteria. The theory has in origins in 1905. Konstantin Mereschkowsky with chloroplasts and Ivan Wallin in the 20s advanced a similar idea for mitochondria. Later on, Henry Ris found that they contain DNA. The modern attribution goes to Lynn Margulis for her work in 1981, Symbiosis in Cell Evolution. She contended that eukaryotic cells started as communities of networking bodies such as endosymbiotic spirochetes that developed cilia and flagella. The problem with this is that cilia and flagella do not c ontain DNA. Another organelle, the peroxisome, is thought to have emerged this way. They, too, do not contain DNA, however. Christian de Duve's peroxisome idea did not last long. (Cooper, 2005) Modern evidence that suggests the endosymbiotic theory is viable: Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA, which is... The endosymbiotic theory related to the primitive origins of the organelles: mitochondria and chloroplasts.   According to the endosymbiotic theory, these originated as prokaryotic organisms, which were engulfed by a larger prokaryote through phagocytosis.   This larger prokaryote was probably a rickettsia bacterium, which is an anaerobic proteobacteria that was a precursor to the mitochondria organelle.   Similarly, chloroplasts come from an autotrophic prokaryote called endosymbiotic cyanobacteria.   The theory has in origins in 1905.   Konstantin Mereschkowsky with chloroplasts and Ivan Wallin in the 20s advanced a similar idea for mitochondria.   Later on, Henry Ris found that they contain DNA.   The modern attribution goes to Lynn Margulis for her work in 1981, Symbiosis in Cell Evolution.   She contended that eukaryotic cells started as communities of networking bodies such as endosymbiotic spirochetes that developed cilia and flagella.   Another organelle, th e peroxisome, is thought to have emerged this way.   They, too, do not contain DNA, however.   Modern evidence that suggests the endosymbiotic theory is viable:†¢ Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA, which is different from that of the cell nucleus, and that is similar to that of bacteria (in being circular and in its size).  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ They are surrounded by two or more membranes, and the innermost of these shows differences in composition compared to the other membranes in the cell.

Organizational Culture and Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Organizational Culture and Leadership - Essay Example Trader Joe’s focuses upon certain significant aspects which include great quality and prices of food. In this regard, the company strongly believes that by maintaining the aforesaid features, it can attain considerable value of the customers. The official headquarter of the company is positioned in California, U.S. The vision of the company is to provide superior quality products to its customers through engaging skilled and committed employees. Moreover, the mission of the company is to raise the satisfaction level of the customers by offering best quality food as well as beverages with cheap prices and also to deliver relevant product related information to the customers in order to take effective buying decisions. It has been apparently observed that there are more than 2,000 unique grocery items in its stores which are offered to the customers regularly (Trader Joe's., 2012). B. Description Of The Problem At present, Trader Joe’s faces certain crucial problems regar ding the expansion of its existing customer base and the maintenance of competiveness with the new business market entrants similar to its industry such as Whole Foods, Fresh & Easy and Sprouts. These companies are considered to be the main rivalries or the major business market competitors which sell similar kinds of products in the same geographical provinces. All these competitors maintain a unique culture like Trader Joe’s and also intends to invest substantially for increasing productivity as well as profitability by a considerable level. By taking into consideration the aforementioned problems, certain important questions may arise. The questions include â€Å"Is Trader Joe’s unique culture is strong enough to survive and tackle with these newly emerged competitive threat?† or â€Å"How Trader Joe’s product act as a substitute as compared to the product of its rivalries†? Moreover, another important question may also arise i.e. â€Å"What ne cessary activities or strategies should adopt by Trader Joe’s in order to maintain its competitiveness and to accomplish significant competitive position over its chief business market competitors†? II. Assessment of the Problem Using Class Concepts A. Problem from Standpoint of Organizational Culture Trader Joe’s is regarded to be one of the most sophisticated retail grocery chain stores in the world. The imperative activities such as the execution of enhanced operational procedures through implementing effective business models and the maintenance of a unique organizational culture ultimately supports the company to attain its predetermined busies objectives. Moreover, the factors also assist the company to provide excellent services as well as better quality products to its customers (Madu, 2012). Generally, in order to build a competent organizational culture; companies always prefer to hire â€Å"Crew Members† for improving the operational performance of the employees. The companies employ the â€Å" Crew Members† in order to deliver effective training programs to their employees concerning various topic which include teamwork, product knowledge and leadership skills. It has been apparently observed that more than 70% of the part-time employees of Traders Joe’s operate their functions under the supervision of the â€Å"Crew Members†. The role of these â€Å"Crew Members† is to provide detail report regarding the sale of products to the Assistant Store Manager of the

Financial Ratio Analysis And Industry Averages Finance Essay

Financial Ratio Analysis And Industry Averages Finance Essay The price earning P/E ratio shows how attractive a firms stock is for investment. The P/E of Etisalat has increased from previous year 2009 which shows that in 2010 Etisalat has become more attractive for investments. Profitability Ratios Return on Common Equity (ROCE or ROE) ROE = Earnings after Tax à · Equity Shareholders fund x 100 This ratio shows the rate of return of the risk takers also referred to as the stockholders (Sinha, 2009). The ratio shows the stockholders or investors the rate of return of their investments in stocks of Etisalat. The following table shows the ROE ratio for Etisalat: Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Profitability ROE 20.41 22.17 The above table clearly shows that the rate of return for the shareholders of Etisalat has reduced from 22.17% in 2009 to 20.41% in 2010. Therefore the risk of investment in stocks of Etisalat has increased in 2010 comparing with the ratio of 2009. ROA (Return on Total Assets) Return on Total Assets (ROA) = (Net Income à · Total Assets) x 100 Higher ROA indicates the higher return on Assets, this ratio must be above the industry average to show greater returns on Assets (Brigham Houston, 2009). Note: another reason for a low ROA could also indicate the intentional use of debt for financing activities of a firm. The following table shows the ROA calculated for Etisalat. Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Profitability ROA 9.74 12.40 The ROA for Etisalat has reduced in 2010 to 9.74% from 12.40% in 2009, which shows the reduced rate of return on assets, indicating the poor performance of Etisalat also showing the use of debt by the firm. Liquidity Ratios: Current ratio Current Ratio = Current Assets à · Current Liabilities The ratio shows the weak or stronger liquidity position of a firm, higher the current liabilities lower the current ratio and vice versa. The calculated ratios of Etisalat are shown in the following table: Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Liquidity Current Ratio 0.79 0.83 The liquidity position of Etisalat has reduce negatively when comparing current ratio of 0.79x in 2010 with 0.83x in 2009, consequently the ability of Etisalat to convert its assets into cash has reduced. Quick Ratio Quick, or acid test, ratio = (Current assets Inventories) à · Current Liabilities Quick Ratio also depicts the liquidity position of the firm to pay off short-term liabilities without relying on sales (inventories). The following table shows the calculated Quick Ratio for Etisalat. Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Liquidity Quick Ratio 0.78 0.82 Acid test of Etisalat revealed that the liquidity of the firm to pay shot-term liabilities has reduced from 0.82x in 2009 to 0.78x in 2010. Asset Management Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio Inventory Turnover Ratio = Sales à · Inventories This ratio shows the number of times inventories are turned over into sales, and higher value shows that the inventories are being held for longer times. The Inventory turnover ratio of Etisalat is shown by the following table. Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Asset Management Inventory Turnover Ratio 100.96 115.03 The ratios in the table clearly show the ability of Etisalat to convert inventories into sales has increased shown by declining Inventory Turnover Ratio of 100.96x in 2010 from 115.03x in 2009. Debt Management Ratios Total Debt to Total Assets Debt ratio = Total Debt à · Total Assets This ratio shows in percentage the risk level faced by the firm, the debt ratio of Etisalat is shown with the help of following table: Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Debt Management Total Debt to Total Assets Ratio 6.34 4.52 The values in the table above show that the risk of investing in Etisalat has increased from 4.52% in 2009 to 6.34% in 2010. Financial Profile Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company PJSC and its Subsidiary The financial profile of Emirates Telecommunication is presented by the data retrieved from financial statements of the firm. Financial Ratio Analysis Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company PJSC and its Subsidiary 2010 and 2009 Data retrieved from the Financial Statements 2010 2009 AED000 AED000 Current Assets 4,671,779 2,224,887 Total Assets 12,519,678 9,531,905 Current Liabilities 6,441,462 3,676,842 Total Liabilities 7,423,911 6,740,365 Inventories 47,300 38,931 Sales Revenue 7,074,097 5,338,699 Interest 102,199 12,998 EPS AED 0.31 AED 0.06 N.I. 1,310,431 264,124 Market Value Per Share AED 2.72 AED 2.79 Total Shareholder Equity 5,095,767 2,791,540 Total Debt 904,735 3,000,000 The ratio analysis is conducted on the basis of data retrieved in the table bove. Ratio Analysis of Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company PJSC and its Subsidiary: Market Value Ratios: P/E Ratio (P/E) Price/Earnings Ratio = Market Price Per Common Share à · Earnings Per Share The share price of Emirates Integrated Telecommunications for the year ended 31 December, 2009 was AED 2.786 and 31 December, 2010 AED 2.72 (Bloomberg, 2013). The following table shows the calculated P/E for Etisalat. Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Market Value P/E 8.77 46.43 The price earning P/E ratio shows how attractive a firms stock is for investment. The P/E of Emirates Telecommunication has reduced drastically from previous year 46.43x in 2009 to 8.77x in 2010 which shows that in 2010 Emirates Telecommunication has become less attractive for investments. Profitability Ratios Return on Common Equity (ROCE or ROE) ROE = Earnings after Tax à · Equity Shareholders fund x 100 This ratio shows the stockholders or investors the rate of return of their investments in stocks of Emirates Telecommunication. The following table shows the ROE ratio for Emirates Telecommunication: Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Profitability ROE 25.72 9.46 The above table clearly shows that the rate of return for the shareholders of Emirates Telecommunication has increased from 9.46% in 2009 to 25.72% in 2010. Therefore the risk of investment in stocks of Emirates has reduced in 2010 comparing with the ratio of 2009. ROA (Return on Total Assets) Return on Total Assets (ROA) = (Net Income à · Total Assets) x 100 The following table shows the ROA calculated for Emirates Telecommunication. Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Profitability ROA 10.47 2.77 The ROA for Emirates Telecommunication has increased in 2010 to 10.47% from 2.77% in 2009, which shows the increased rate of return on assets. Liquidity Ratios: Current ratio Current Ratio = Current Assets à · Current Liabilities The calculated current ratio for Emirates Telecommunication are shown in the following table: Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Liquidity Current Ratio 0.73 0.61 The liquidity position of Emirates Telecommunication has reduce negatively when comparing current ratio of 0.73x in 2010 with 0.61x in 2009, consequently the ability of Emirates Telecommunication to convert its assets into cash has reduced. Quick Ratio Quick, or acid test, ratio = (Current assets Inventories) à · Current Liabilities The following table shows the calculated Quick Ratio for Emirates Telecommunication. Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Liquidity Quick Ratio 0.72 0.59 Acid test of Emirates Telecommunication revealed that the liquidity position of the firm to pay shot-term liabilities has increased from 0.59x in 2009 to 0.72x in 2010, which shows that Emirates Telecommunication is more liquid in 2010. Asset Management Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio Inventory Turnover Ratio = Sales à · Inventories The Inventory turnover ratio of Emirates Telecommunication is shown by the following table. Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Asset Management Inventory Turnover Ratio 149.56 137.13 The ratios in the table clearly show the ability of Emirates Telecommunication to convert inventories into sales has decreased shown by increasing Inventory Turnover Ratio of 149.56x in 2010 from 137.13x in 2009. Debt Management Ratios Total Debt to Total Assets Debt ratio = Total Debt à · Total Assets The debt ratio of Emirates Telecommunication is shown with the help of following table: Financial Ratios 2010 2009 Debt Management Total Debt to Total Assets Ratio 0.07 0.31 The values in the table above show that the risk of investing in Emirates Telecommunication has reduced from 0.31% in 2009 to 0.07% in 2010. Industry Averages in Telecommunication Industry UAE The industry averages of the telecommunication for P/E, ROE, ROA, Debt Ratio and Current Ratio are: P/E P/E Industry Average Telecommunication Industry UAE 2009 2010 P/E Etisalat 9.69 10.31 P/E Emirates 46.43 8.77 2009 2010 P/E Industry Average 28.06 9.54 ROE ROE 2009 2010 Etisalat 22.17 20.41 Emirates 9.46 25.72 2009 2010 ROE Industry Average 15.815 23.065 ROA ROA 2009 2010 Etisalat 12.4 9.74 Emirates 2.77 10.47 2009 2010 ROA Industry Average 7.585 10.105 Debt Ratio Debt Ratio 2009 2010 Etisalat 4.52 6.34 Emirates 0.31 0.07 2009 2010 Industry Average 2.415 3.205 Current Ratio Current Ratio 2009 2010 Etisalat 0.83 0.79 Emirates 0.61 0.73 2009 2010 Industry Average 0.72 0.76

Characteristics of an Ideal Entrepreneur Essays -- Entrepreneur

What an Entrepreneur Is An entrepreneur is a person who finds it worth risking, especially in term of his or her finances, in a particular project with a hope of introducing new related ventures that will culminate into visible success financially (Foley, 2006). Sometimes, an entrepreneur can also be taken to mean a person who is in the verge of organizing a virtually new project and targeting to use previously unused channels after discovering a hidden opportunity in the eyes of others. Evidently, in both cases, there is a risk factor and therefore maximum care and guided moves are things to take care of first. More often than not, the term entrepreneur is employed in a business context. Some other people argue that entrepreneurship is not a real profession. No, not until one has started something that can be seen on the ground. In short, one cannot create fame in the name of becoming an entrepreneur by just portraying mere intensions nor even when the whole planning of scope and schedule are complete. A person will be termed as an entrepreneur once the first foundation stone is laid on the ground. That means that the effectiveness of one’s ideas is crucial. Therefore the qualities or characteristics of such a person must enable a confident kick-off and somehow guarantee success. Characteristics of an Ideal Entrepreneur An ideal entrepreneur must be innovative enough. This means that his or her venture must be backed by relevant knowledge and creativity but encased in achievable limits. Past experience and technical knowhow are integral components that will enhance confidence and enthusiasm while kick starting. In most cases, entrepreneurs act as revivers of a falling business by convincingly intervening with new ideas and ap... ...l of Developmental Entrepreneurship. 8(2), 133-151. Fuller, D., & Dansic, P. (1999). Indigenous Australian and self-employment: small enterprise research. The Journal of SEAANZ. 7(2), 5-28. Harper, L. (2010). 5 Successful Australian Entrepreneurs. Mademan.com. Retrieved 04 21, 2012, from http://www.mademan.com/mm/5-successful-australian-entrepreneurs.html. Rola-Rubzen, M.F. (2009). Critical success factors for aboriginal businesses in the desert, DKCRC Working Paper 38, Desert Knowledge CRC, Alice Springs, Retrieved 04 22, 2012, from http://www.desertknowledgecrc.com.au/publications/downloads/DKCRC- Working-Paper-38-Critical-Success-factors-for-aboriginal-businesses-in-the-Desert.pdf. Thomson, J. (2010). Our Top Female Entrepreneurs. SmartCompany. Retrieved 04 22, 2012, from http://www.smartcompany.com.au/entrepreneurs/20100304-female- entrepreneurs/2.html

The British Prime Minister Now Has Presidential Powers

Thâ€Å"The British Prime Minister now has Presidential Powers† Discuss the Validity of this Statement It would be correct to say that over the years the British Prime Minister has become more of a Presidential figure in Parliament. Recent prime ministers that have been referred to as presidential include Margaret Thatcher, Tony Blair and Harold Wilson. Prime Ministers are supposed to be ‘First Among Equals’ (Primus Inter Pares), however recent Prime Ministerial actions have got people questioning whether or not the Prime Minister has more power and is becoming a Presidential figure.The idea that the prime minister is now more presidential is drawn from the knowledge of the United States president and how the British Prime Minister compares to him. Firstly, the media turns the Prime Minister into a political celebrity. The actions the Prime Minister takes inside parliament and also much of the PM’s personal life is publicised in newspapers and television. T he Prime minister is the spokesperson for the government. Although their access to the media can be used for personal benefit, the media has been more critical of politicians in recent years.There is evidence of this as the BBC made allegations that the Iraq dossier was ‘sexed up’ during Tony Blair’s time as Prime Minister (class notes). The U. S President tends to have media coverage also. The wider use of special advisors increases how presidential the Prime Minister appears. The ‘Spatial leadership’ that the Prime Minister now adopts also gives us this impression. Prime Ministers now distance themselves from parties and government and develop their own ideologies. Examples of this include Blairism and Thatcherism (class notes).In times of distress in the country the people often turn to the Prime Minister in search of a solution. They PM tends to reach out to the people in times of crisis, for example, David Cameron returned home from his holiday early last year to address the issue of the London Riots (class notes). The power of the PM has increased in recent years as the prime minister has now increased control over Cabinet Office, which has turned it into a small scale Prime Minister’s department. The Prime Minister has the capability to dominate his cabinet. This makes him more like a president asCollective Responsibility is an effective way of ‘gagging’ his ministers. All ministers are expected to support publicly all decisions made in cabinet, or else resign. For example, in 2010 David Cameron was discussing with cabinet about building a Millennium Dome. Before a decision was made, he went outside and told the awaiting media that a dome was being built. Therefore the Prime Minister made the decision alone and cabinet couldn’t disagree (class notes). Another example of this is that Gordon Brown announced his decision to give independence to the Bank of England.Blair and Brown took this decisio n alone and Mo Mowlam, one of the most popular ministers in Blair’s cabinet stated, â€Å"I read about the bank of England decision in the newspapers† (Politics Review). This clearly shows that the Prime Minister can dominate his cabinet and make decisions despite him being â€Å"Primus Inter Pares† (first among equals). As the years go on, Prime Ministers are also having shorter and less frequent cabinet meetings and are holding more bilateral meetings. The amount of cabinet meetings has declined from 100 a year to approximately 40.Under Margret Thatcher’s parliament, her Cabinet was used less than previous Prime Ministers and annual meetings took place about 35 times. Under Blair, meetings rarely lasted an hour. This is evidence of the Prime Minister becoming more presidential and tackling decisions alone rather than with Cabinet. Thatcher and Blair also tended to have more committees and sub-committees. Blair’s ‘Sofa government’, Th atcher’s ‘Wise men’ and Wilsons ‘Kitchen Cabinet’ are all operating through bi-lateral meetings between the Prime Minister and advisors, so policy was ratified before it reached cabinet.These are all examples of Prime Ministers taking matters into their own hands and becoming more dominant and presidential. The dominance of the Prime Minister over Parliament is also shown in the ways that he/she chairs important cabinet committees and sets the cabinet agenda. Setting the cabinet agenda allows the Prime Minister to leave anything that may be difficult to come to an agreement on in Cabinet, to the end so that there will eventually be no time to cover it and the Prime Minister has to come to a decision on his/her own. Margaret Thatcher was said to have done this quite frequently.This shows that the Prime Minister can therefore decide on important affairs without having to consult cabinet. Tony Blair was noted to have used cabinet Committees a lot. The P rime Minister is also considered presidential because of what is seen as a growing ‘West Wing’ in Downing Street. This is due to the increase in Political Advisors in the PM’s office. The advisors help the Prime Minister make decisions even though they are unelected themselves. This means that they effectively influence his decisions and help him bypass cabinet, for example Blair gave his advisors power of Civil Servants.On the other hand, the Prime Minister can give considerable control to his cabinet members, which isn’t evident in American politics. For example, during Blair’s reign as PM, the Labour party was said to have a ‘Duel Monarchy’ due to how much power was given to Gordon Brown. Other ministers can constrain the Prime Ministers power and effect his decisions, which doesn’t happen with the U. S president. The Prime Ministers personality is an issue in how much power they have over Cabinet. They have powers over office but some may be more proficient than others in the exercise of those powers.Some Prime Ministers have been good in government management and other haven’t. Some adopted an autorical approach and some others focus on policy reflections. The amount of authority a PM had depends on how assertive a personality he/sh has. For example, John Major was often ridiculed for his inability to make decisions and was seen as a pushover (class notes). The PM’s popularity with the public also dictates how much power they have. At the moment, David Cameron is restricted from acting presidentially as a result of the constraints of a coalition government.The coalition government may weaken the powers of Cameron as many compromises need to be made to keep the government stable. For example, Cameron had agreed to a referendum on the electoral system. He had agreed to introduce fixed term elections. Liberal democrats hold key cabinet positions. Unlike the president, the PM may face resista nce in cabinet as particular cabinet members may not go along with a particular proposal. For example, Thatcher’s parliament lost a bill as the majority of cabinet voted against it.The PM cannot completely ignore his cabinet. Unlike the U. S. A, the cabinet is Britain is elected. The cabinet can overthrow the Prime Minister is he is disliked. This cannot happen in U. S government. In conclusion, the Prime Minister, in many ways over the years has increased his/her power to such an extent as to appear presidential. However, there are many constraints on PM power to conflict with this view. Whether or not the Prime Minister remains in high powers depends on power, personality and circumstance.

The Development of Marriage essays

The Development of Marriage essays The Development of Marriage The institution of marriage has grown and developed into many acceptable facets. In Merriam Websters online dictionary, the word marriage has two definitions. Definition one is the state of being united to a person of the opposite sex as husband or wife in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law. The second definition is the state of being united to a person of the same sex in a relationship like that of a traditional marriage . Over the years of evolvement of the United States, attitudes toward the institution of marriage have changed toward a trend of greater acceptance of non-traditional types. In Colonial America, marriage was thought of as an arranged contract between a prospective husband and a wifes father. In other words, the wife was bought from her father. During 1610, the first anti-sodomy law was passed prohibiting homosexual behavior between men. The US Supreme Court in 1878 ruled against the Mormon concept of complex marriage on the basis that marriage is a civil contract regulated by law. The 20th century sexual revolution yet again changed the ideology of marriage even further. In 1967, a Supreme Court decision in the case of Loving vs. Virginia it ruled the prohibiting interracial marriage is unconstitutional. In 2003 in the Supreme Court, case of Lawrence vs. Gardner struck down the Texas State law banning consensual sex between homosexuals a violation of individuals right to privacy. The practice and Ideology of marriage has changed over the course of development of America. The volatile issue of same sex marriages is now the front runner in the current course of change. Will it be accepted? Only time will tell. ...

Learning Mandarin Chinese Hotel Vocabulary

Learning Mandarin Chinese Hotel Vocabulary Major Chinese and Taiwanese hotels almost always have the English-speaking staff to assist travelers from Western countries. Hotels in out-of-the-way tourist destinations, however, may not have anyone available who speaks English, so this list of common hotel vocabulary will help you. Be sure to practice these words and phrases well before your departure date. The hardest part about Mandarin vocabulary is the tones, which can give a word different meanings. The proper use of tones will make your Mandarin easy to understand. Click on the links in the Pinyin column to hear the audio files. English Pinyin Chinese Characters hotel lÇš guÇŽn æâ€"…é ¤ ¨ room fng jiÄ n æˆ ¿Ã©â€"“ room with shared bath pÇ”tÃ… ng fng æ™ ®Ã©â‚¬Å¡Ã¦Ë† ¿ suite to fang Ã¥ ¥â€"æˆ ¿ single room dÄ n rà ©n fng Ã¥â€" ®Ã¤ º ºÃ¦Ë† ¿ double room shuÄ ng rà ©n fng é›™ä º ºÃ¦Ë† ¿ deposit yÄ  jÄ «n æŠ ¼Ã©â€¡â€˜ check in bo do Ã¥   ±Ã¥Ë† ° stay in a hotel zhà ¹ lÇš guÇŽn ä ½ Ã¦â€"…é ¤ ¨ reserve a room dà ¬ng fngjiÄ n è ¨â€šÃ¦Ë† ¿Ã©â€"“ luggage xà ­ng li è ¡Å'æ Å½ parking lot tà ­ngchÄ“ chÇŽng Ã¥ Å"è »Å Ã¥   ´ restaurant cÄ ntÄ «ng é ¤ Ã¥ » ³ front desk fà º wà ¹ ti æÅ" Ã¥â€¹â„¢Ã¨â€¡ º wake-up call jio xÇ ng Ã¥  «Ã©â€ â€™ bath mà ¹ yà ¹ æ ² Ã¦ µ ´ shower là ­n yà ¹ æ ·â€¹Ã¦ µ ´ television din shà ¬ é› »Ã¨ ¦â€" telephone din hu é› »Ã¨ © ± elevator din tÄ « é› »Ã¦ ¢ ¯ I have a reservation. WÇ’ yà ¹dà ¬ng le. 我é   Ã¥ ®Å¡Ã¤ ºâ€ Ã¯ ½ ¡ I would like a double room. WÇ’ yo shuÄ ng rà ©n fang. 我è ¦ Ã©â€ºâ„¢Ã¤ º ºÃ¦Ë† ¿Ã¯ ½ ¡ I would like a room with a†¦ WÇ’ xiÇŽng yo yÇ’u†¦ de fngjiÄ n. 我æÆ' ³Ã¨ ¦ Ã¦Å"‰â€ ¦Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¦Ë† ¿Ã©â€"“ï ½ ¡ Where is the elevator? Din tÄ « zi nÇŽli? é› »Ã¦ ¢ ¯Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡? I would like a wake-up call for (time). QÇ ng (time) jio xÇ ng wÇ’. è «â€¹ (time) Ã¥  «Ã©â€ â€™Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¯ ½ ¡ I would like to check out. WÇ’ yo tuà ¬ fang. 我è ¦ Ã©â‚¬â‚¬Ã¦Ë† ¿Ã¯ ½ ¡ The bill is incorrect. Zhng dÄ n bà º duà ¬. Ã¥ ¸ ³Ã¥â€" ®Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥ ° Ã¯ ½ ¡

The legal drinking age should be 18 years of age Essay

The legal drinking age should be 18 years of age - Essay Example tion; however, the officially permitted age for alcohol intake varies according to each country, but most countries the legal is 21years of age. However, the legal age for alcohol consumption should be reduced from 21years of age to 18years since the later are responsible young adults entitled to vote, marry; and considering the menace of over-consumption due to curiosity and experimentation. In most countries, whenever an individual attains 18 years of age, he/she has a right to vote, get an identity card, get married, secure a job in any organization, be able to serve in the military and even sign contracts. This means that an 18 year old person understands whom a potential leader is who will serve a country well and who cannot lead effectively through taking part in voting. Likewise, being able to secure a job in any organization or serve in a military means this person can be responsible and can as well make adequate decisions. Additionally, being able to acquire an identity card means he/she is of age to do things responsibly. In order to get married means an individual knows how to be responsible by taking care of his/her partner and children. Therefore, such an individual has a right and should be allowed to buy and consume alcohol without any restrictions because he/she knows how to be responsible (National Research Council and Institute of Medicine 25). In addition, there is a challenge of alcohol consumption out of curiosity; forbidden fruit syndrome, as anyone who has not attained 21 years of age perceives alcohol as forbidden and that it should not be consumed. This increases curiosity among them because they are curious to know why they are not allowed to drink; furthermore, when in college those under the age of 21 are not allowed to drink at the same place with their seniors, and this equally increases their interest to know what is behind alcohol intake. They rebel and they certainly yearn to know what is in alcohol that they are kept away from hence they decide to give it a try. Therefore, by forbidding 18 year old individuals from drinking in bars, restaurants and licensed places makes them to drink in privacy, for example, in parties. This may lead to dangerous behavior, for example, they may decide to over drink because they do not know when next they will have a chance to consume alcohol. As a consequence, problems like deaths or unprotected sex may arise; therefore, if alcohol consumption is legally allowed for 18 years and above, the curiosity dilemma will no longer be present. In addition, unwanted behaviors and deaths of 18 year old teenagers resulting from alcohol consumptions will greatly reduce since every individual will be responsible of his/her drinking, and will not be driven to over-indulgence because of curiosity (Trapp 78). However, reducing the age for alcohol consumption to 18 years of age is dangerous to the health and is also medically wrong. This is because the brains interior of an individual is vi tal for functions like

Superhero Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Superhero Assignment - Essay Example ble definition, originality seems to be an idea that is unachievable by man since from birth, everyone is influenced in different ways and to varying degrees in terms of thoughts and actions by the immediate environment, which precedes the actions of all the individuals. Originality does not necessarily imply that a person must invent or come up with new discoveries since inventions and discoveries are rare occurrences (Santrock & Halonen, 2007). Originality simply implies that one has to do something different from what other people have done in the past. Coming up with original work involves driving a concept or a theory forward through incremental amounts and then letting other researchers who come later continue from where the research reached. Nevertheless, coming up with an idea in one area that is similar to an idea that was developed in a different area cannot be considered as originality. Therefore, originality is a fundamental objective quality of an aspect that us different from the conventional and pre-established forms while having no form of bearing on the value of something. It also does not play any role in the determination of other attributes that may be more objective such as authenticity. The state of originality can only be achieved once but may be applied to the same individual or work recurrently except if it is being compared to previous of later versions of itself where in this situation, the one that was created first becomes the original. In this context, it is important that students do their own work to avoid cases of plagiarism, which entails taking somebody’s work and presenting it as your own in order to get credit from it. If plagiarism is discovered, the student might lose all the marks depending on the universities regulations. Furthermore, directly presenting the work done by a different person has no academic value to the student as this means the student has not taken time to understand the underlying concepts. The poster

Multiple Topics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Multiple Topics - Essay Example There are certainly more preferences that he can keep track of. Develop a problem definition for Steve, as discussed in the Session Five lecture notes and readings (Chapter 3).   Problem definition: Steve wants to keep his customers happy and attract new ones. He thinks he needs a way to track customer behavior and mine the data from his restaurant operation. The method of data collection must not interfere with the normal operations of the restaurant. It should also store the data in a database so that it can be used by whatever means is devised. The data collection is simple and can easily be done by streamlining the ordering system. The main problem is that Steve has actually voiced a need for keeping customers happy and attracting new customers. It is not certain that mere data collection can do this. Part B:   â€Å"I think it’s only fair to write up all alternatives you’ve considered†, says Linda Smith (Steve Smith’s wife and Chief Financial Offi cer of his restaurant). â€Å"After all, you’ve been working on this systems thing for a while now and I think my husband would be interested to see what you found out.†Ã‚   Please explain to Linda Smith why your system proposal will not (should not) contain all the alternatives that your ITEC 630 team has considered with respect to solving Steve Smith’s information management problem. Also include in your response to Linda Smith the types of alternatives that will appear in your final systems proposal to Steve Smith.   Not all the alternatives we brainstormed are feasible and some just would be either over-kill or too expensive, creating a negative return on investment. Some solutions would have a negative impact on customers and others would not include increasing business. So these will not be included. The types of proposals we will include are those that will accomplish both the data collection and increase business, yes stay within the budget. We have fo ur alternative systems we will offer: an electronic ordering system which will collect all the data, a club card that will collect data and offer bonus points, a club card that will store cash, offer bonus points and collect data, and a fourth type will include all of these. All of the card alternatives will attract new business as they can be purchased as gift cards and loaded up front. A. Please label each question as either closed question or open-ended question.  Ppt 04 1. How many personal computers do you have in this department?  closed 2. How is this task performed?  open 3. Why do you perform the task that way?  open 4. How many hours of training does a clerk receive?  closed 5. How many customers ordered products from the Web site last month?  closed 6. What are users saying about the new system?  open 7. How are the checks reconciled?  closed 8. What added features would you like to have in the new billing system?  open 9. Is the calculation procedure de scribed in the manual?  closed 10. Is there anything else you can tell me about this topic? open 11. Do you review the reports before they are sent out?  closed 12. Are the user manuals produced by this department?  closed 13. Describe a feature you would like to see in the new system?  open 14. Who handles the invoices?  closed 15. How do you resolve accounts payable issues?  open B. You are going to interview the local manager of LDI, a national tire retailer, who has asked you to

Cigarette Ads Essay Example for Free

Cigarette Ads Essay From 1947-2000 cigarette ads have changed in more than just one way. Each ad pinpoints a certain stereotype of a person as well as containing a slogan that assures the viewer of which stereotype the ad is pertaining to. Each ad does a great job of matching the slogan with the image, while drawing in consumers and maintaining the fulfillment of the consumer’s prefrence. The ad used in 1947 for Camel cigarettes claims â€Å"More Doctors smoke Camels Than Any Other Cigarette†. The ad also contains a picture of a man posing as a doctor. The picture as well as the slogan being claimed, provides a sense of comfort and safety. People may think if doctors are smoking these cigarettes they may not be unhealthy. This ad could also come off as an ad promoting the â€Å"need for prominence†, while aiming to represent the cigarette of those of a high social status (Fowles 549). The Camel ad also slightly resembles a news article as and is layed out in a very informative manner, while pointing out all of the benefits of the product. This approach is common because potential consumers are often looking for a new solution† (Bovee 559). If a consumer is looking to become more healthy, or attempt to feel less guilty when smoking a cigarette, this ad may attract their attention, simply due to the fact that the ad claims it is the number one cigarette for doctors. The Marlboro ad of 1970 pertains to those who prefer a cigarette that contains a great amount of flavor. The slogan states â€Å"come to where the flavor is. Come to the country†. This ad’s main attraction is the flavor of the cigarettes, which pertains to the â€Å"need for autonomy† due the fact that this ad appeals to those who prefer a cigarette with great flavor(Fowles 550). Not only does this ad have to do with the need of autonomy it also pinpoints the â€Å"need for affiliation†, it is obvious the ad is affiliated with those who not only enjoy flavor but also enjoy being in the country, the slogan as well as the picture is what make the two main attractions obvious in the ad (Fowles 544). The camel ad of 2000 is most likely going to attract those who wish to attain the perfect cigarette, therefore this ad pertains to the â€Å"need for aesthetic sensation†, due to the fact that this ad is a simple ad with few words , there is little room for correction nearly being a perfect ad(Fowles 552). This ad will not only attract people’s attention because of the word â€Å"pleasure† being placed in the slogan, but also the picture is an attention grabbing picture. The ad contains a picture a young, fit, attractive male, which also means this ad pertains to the â€Å"need for attention† (Fowles 550)Not only does this attract people’s attention it is also desirable. Over the past years the cigarette ads have slightly changed. The pictures, slogans, and the layout have all changed over time, but only to a slight extent. Although the physical appearance of the ads may have changed slightly over time, the idea of advertising cigarettes have not. Just as Fowels said, â€Å"most advertisments appearing in national media can be understood as having two orders of content† (Fowles 541). All the ads serve the same purpose, while each ad does appeal to different types of people, each ad also does the same thing to attract a certain type of person or idea. This is done by placing certain words as well as images to draw in consumers. As consumer’s wants as well as needs change, ads continue to change accordingly. With this being said, most changes that do occur are often subtle, therefore the changes that have been made in ads are often very slight. When major changes are made to ads, it is often due to the fact of improvement of the product or to fulfill a major want or need of the majority of the consumers.

Eros And Civilization Analysis

Eros And Civilization Analysis In order to be able to fully understand this literary piece of work, it is important to first start by defining a few terms that will mostly be referred to in this piece of work; Eros refers to an instinct that works towards self-preservation, pleasure and procreation. When the three are considered in a group, they are what constitute Eros. Civilization is a state or condition of being highly developed and mostly refers to a society that has a very high level of organization culturally and socially. In terms of individuality, civilization refers to a certain level of material comfort which a person is used to and probably would not do without. Repression or suppression, which can be used interchangeably in this context, refers to a psychological mechanism in which people try to protect themselves from harmful or not-so appealing thoughts, by blocking them out of their conscious mind. Capitalism is a free market system in which there is private ownership of capital (means of productio n). Distribution of goods and services is based on a motivation to gain more profits than ones competitors. Instincts are strong freely occurring impulses that occur in the mind to warn somebody about something without necessarily reasoning about it. Sometimes also known as an inborn trait, it is the behavior pattern shaped by biological necessities (Herbert, p.16). Eros and civilization is a piece of literary work done by one Herbert Marcuse who was a German philosopher who lived in the 20th century. The literature revolves around a critique approach to Freuds sociological titled civilization and its discontents. Marcuse begins by giving an elaborate description of biology, which he argues is a fight against suppression of instincts, hence is a force that tries to bring out the best of intuition or the sixth sense as many call it. He continues to argue that capitalism, which is the economic lifestyle that has overtaken society, is up in arms trying all it can to prevent us from reaching the level of a non-repressive society. Herbert continues to say that the theory put forth by Freud that repression is a necessary condition if civilization is to survive in the current. On the contrary, Herbert thinks that Eros is more superficial, constructive and liberating (Herbert, p.16). What Herberts works aims at disapproving is the notion that human instincts and suppression/instincts/superego are always in conflict for survival. Freud argues that the superego is ever in a struggle to follow societys norms and rules at its own expense. In his view, Eros and civilization cannot co-exist, and their clash is what gives rise to a repressed humanity history. He continues to say that it is as a result of suppression of instincts is what has given rise to the modern level of civilization that we are living in today, without which civilization would not have been possible. He gives the example of the sexual instinct. Had it been that human beings give in to this instinct whenever it arises, without a second thought and without channeling that energy into progress, it is likely that there would be no civilization at all in the first place. Herbert comes in to argue that in as much the energy is channeled into progress, human beings do so at the expense of their Eros; pleas ure, procreation and self preservation, which should not be the case. According to Marcuse, progress is just another word for sacrifice of human happiness. He is of the opinion that conflict is not really between work and Eros, but between alienated labor and Eros. To give an example on this, he goes ahead to say that sex, for example, is a preserve of the capitalists, and for the laborers when they are not disturbing progress. He advocates for a socialist society that would not need the performance of the poor top progress, and hence a society that would not deliberately suppress the sexual drives of its inhabitants. Such a society would do away with alienated labor and in its place adopt non-alienated libidinal work. This would then give rise to a non-suppressive civilization. In his view, Herbert confidently infers that instincts are shaped by historical aspects like repression and that today, society suffers from increased suppression which is as a result of contemporary society (Herbert, p.24). The struggle for existence is a dynamic concept that should involve a rationality that subdues repressive reasoning. This way, when happiness and reason converge, they will be able to create their own hierarchy of doing things, their priorities and divisions of labor, without one being repressed to give way to the other. This is the performance principle that should administer things or events, but not people. This is so much in contrast to modern civilization which is nothing more than close coordination and arrangements that must carry recognized authority. Marcuse has established that todays hierarchical civilization does not come easy or with freedom per se, but it all the same comes so strongly because repression has become so effective that it has assumed the position of freedom. An attempt in the abolition of this order of things is seen as a terrorization of freedom, which in essence is nothing more than repression of gratification and pleasure. Freedom, in his perception is not only private, but does not exist in the absence or privacy. So the question arises, does civilization give rise to freedom, and how? If it does not, who is supposed to establish and enforce objective standards? After a closer analysis of other philosophers writings, Marcuse has settled for the idea that creation of a favorable human existence for all people is no longer confined to a selected few. It is now very possible to create happiness, but only if the human consciousness is not arrested and diverted elsewhere. People have the capacity to learn, understand and tell the difference between what can be termed as normal repression and excessive repression. This cannot be achieved overnight, but would, with time, give rise to a utopia society, marked with perfection, happiness and a balance between work and gratification (Herbert, p.27). Major themes raised by Herbert Marcuse In his theory of Eros and civilization, there are many life topics that this philosopher seeks to address. These themes include conflict, happiness, sexual desire/lust, gratification, and exploitation. In the theme of exploitation, we can see that repression is a force applied unconsciously by laborers, so that they can please their employers in the capitalist setting. The employers on the other hand know that their employees are working extra hard at the expense of their happiness, but they do nothing to liberate the employees from this torture. All the employers want is to maximize their profits from the labor of these poor fellows, while at the same time being able to enjoy the finer qualities of life. One of the things that they enjoy freely without having to repress their feeling is sex, as Marcuse says †¦sex is a preserve for the elite†¦ who in this case are non others than the exploitative employers. Life, looking at it from a larger perspective, also exploits the me mbers of society. This is because they put in so much effort into their work, with the hope of being able to enjoy rewarding benefits, but what happens? Life continues to tie them in a cycle of what is commonly referred to as the rat race; putting much effort with little or no rewards to enjoy. Isnt this exploitation (Herbert, p. 36). The theme of happiness comes out so strongly because it is the essence of the writing anyway. Herbert seems to strongly support the idea that happiness should be the essence of living, and anything that derives us of the opportunity to be happy should be done away with or modified to fit into the lifestyle in which we can derive happiness. Marcuse says that a utopia society is possible, a society where everyone is happy, satisfied with life and still enjoys the benefits of labor. He dreams of a society that will not require Eros does not posses a natural self-restraint, delay or detour from the normal course of life. The theme of gratification comes with happiness. Marcuse is of the idea that, when peoples desires are met and they have a sense of gratification, then the most likely thing that will follow is happiness. Gratification comes as a pre-requisite for happiness. When Eros and civilization co-exist at harmonious levels, what results is gratification. Conflict is depicted so clearly when Freud suggests that for there to be civilization, there must be some level repression. Civilization is viewed as progressive development and for progress to be realized, energies that seek gratification must be converted into energy and then directed towards progress. There is conflict of instincts, progress/development and happiness/gratification. This conflict as depicted by Freud is what forms the basis of Herberts critic theory of Eros and Civilization. There is also conflict of ideas in that while one philosopher feels that Eros and civilization cannot co-exist, the other one is of a totally different view and feels that Eros must be present if civilization is to be meaningful (Herbert, p.46). Sexual desire is theme that is sharply projected in Herberts work of Eros and civilization. To Marcuse, the ability to freely express and satisfy sexual desires equate to human liberation. This, he says, has become a preserve for the rich and the elite, while the poor and the less educated are left with nothing but alienated labor that forces them to suppress their desires, with a false hope of becoming civilized. He adopts the Marxist approach and advocates that human beings should adopt play, phantasm and art in order to be able to fully express their real needs and desires. Marcuse sees human beings as the vessels of abundance, with the full potential of gratification of energies and other faculties of existence. Non-repressive civilization is a concept that Marcuse is fond of referring to, having borrowed the idea from Marx, with a great emphasis on sexual liberation. Describe the internal logic of the piece of political philosophy you are reading. This piece of article has a great sense of logic in it, in that it brings out the complete essence of civilization. If civilization is described as the level of material comfort that an individual is able to enjoy and which he hopes to maintain, then it beat logic if man is able to create that wealth, but lacks the freedom or opportunity to enjoy the benefits that come with the wealth, then he might as well not have struggled so much to make that wealth. In as much as Freud argues that some repression is determined by society, Marcuse is of the feeling that some limitations that we impose on ourselves are not necessarily stimulated by an external repressive reality principle. Instincts, he says, are sometimes bound to obey the rules of nature because they happen to have inherent libidinal value. This he goes on to explain saying that there is a great possibility that the sexual instinct in nature has some characteristics that makes it impossible to achieve absolute gratification. Rep ression, if always allowed to dominate the human mind, would more likely than not become barriers to human freedom since they tend to protect that other nature from which pleasure, gratification and happiness originates. Eventually, human beings would not be able to rise to the level of self actualization; neither would they be able to differentiate gratification at the mere sense of the word and happiness as a result of gratification. If human beings concentrated on the pleasure principle, then they would be able to bring together their refusal s and selections, gauge which ones helps to alleviate conflict, pain and frustrations, then these antagonisms would be embedded with the rational mind of gratification ((Herbert, p.74). Pleasure principle is a concept based on psychoanalysis and was developed by Sigmund Freud and Marcuse applies it in his Eros and civilization theory to bring out the close relationship between the strength of Eros and the level of civilization that one can achieve depending on that strength. 6the principle of pleasure states that people are always on the look out for things, activities or events that bring them pleasure and not pain. They are always out to satisfy their biological and psychological needs. On the other hand, and contradictory to the pleasure principle is the reality principle, which tends to postpone gratification when necessary for attainment of a greater need at that moment. The id, which is the selfish nature in human beings, is ruled by the pleasure principle and starts operating when human beings are very young. As they grow older this nature is overtaken by the ego and superego, which teach man to suppress their immediate desires and emotions and to defer grati fication. This is how people learn to reason and to take account the reality principle, which even though seeks pleasure as well, does so in account of reality and hence postpones pleasure. Marcuse is of the idea that id should not be suppressed and should be let to rule, but in a balanced level. If the so much desired pleasure can be attained in the here and now and yet maintain the required level of civilization, then be it whatever the cost (Herbert, p.264). The reality principle on the other hand takes into account the advantage there is in postponing gratification for the sake of attaining a goal that is long lasting and which will provide security in the future. This is where the concept of repression comes in as depicted by Freud. The principle implies that is only desires and pleasures can be suppressed today and that energy directed towards growth and progress, then gratification will come at a later date, with all its benefits because with it will be happiness and satisfaction. To Marcuse, this is flawed thinking because repression of desires and emotions is an injustice to naturally occurring desires and wants. For example, he says, repressing the desire to have sex today in order to enjoy it at a later date when one is economically stable is doing an injustice to this natural biological drive that one is born with. Logically speaking, if these desires were not meant to be satisfied, why then do they exist in the first place? Why does their gratification have to be suppressed all in the name of civilization? In Marcuses words and opinion, it is very possible for these two factors to harmoniously co-exist (Herbert, p.67) Incorporate some historical context surrounding Herbert Marcuse. Herbert Marcuse was a German philosopher born in Berlin in the year 1898 and died in 1979. He was a critical thinker who in his lifetime wrote a lot of philosophical works among them being Eros and Civilization, One dimensional Man and The Aesthetic Dimension. In his early youthful years, he joined the German army and he later found his way into the soldiers council that participated in the Sparta cist uprising where he became a members. By the year 1922 he had completed his Ph.D. thesis at the University of Freiburg. He moved to Berlin after this and worked with a publishing house and while at it met and married Sophie Wertheim, who was a mathematician. In 1924 he and another writer by the name of Martin Heidegger, whom he referred to as his greatest teacher, wrote a book by the title Hegels Ontology and Theory of Historicity, which was later published in the year 1932. In 1933 after Marcuses academic career was blocked by the rise of the Third Reich, he joined the Frankfurt Institu te for Social research. In the same year he published his own review of Marxs Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. This was the first publication that helped him gain a social standing as a theorist of his generation. He did not step here because while still a member is the Institute, he created a model for critical social theory by creating a theory on capitalism. In this theory he described the relationships between philosophy, sociology and cultural criticism. He went ahead and provided a criticism and analysis of German fascism. His works were boosted by the fact that he closely worked with critical theorist while in Frankfurt Institute (Herbert, p.301). In an analysis and critique of Marxs woks, Marcuse argued that many of Marxs thoughts had become too rigid for life and that they needed a phenomenological view in order to become revived and to apply to the modern-day life. This is bearing in mind that Marx had neglected individuality in his writings, yet Herbert was for liberation of humanity from the philosophical ideologies that held him captive. Herbert views a world where society would transform from capitalism to socialism. His study and critique of Hegels Ontology and theory of Historicity also had some major contributions to the Hegel renaissance that took place in Europe around the same time. His was an emphasis on the theory of spirit and dialects, which greatly shaped the outcome of the Hegel. Herbert became quite an observer on anything and everything about society, from politics, to economics to social interactions. So ingrained was he in analyzing society that in 1941 he wrote his own book in English whose title was Re ason and Revolution. The book traced the genesis of Hegel, Marx and modern social theory. In 1934 he had become a social radical and he fled from the Institute of social research in which he was based then and went to the United States where he lived for the rest of his life ((Herbert, p.304). Marcuse served in the Office of Street services and in the government offices in the years between 1941 and 1950. It was his experience in this workforce that led him to write the book Eros and Civilization. In his view, the US government was motivated by a desire to overcome fascism. It was in this book that Herbert tried to synthesize Marx and Freuds ideologies and to bring out an outline of a non-repressive society. He argued that the suggested repressed conscious in human being is expressed through daydreams, works of art, philosophy and other works of cultural projection. In his works, Marcuse hoped to bring out the possible outlines of non-repressive civilization characterized by libidinal and non alienated labor, play, free and open sexuality and liberation of humanity into freedom and happiness. His desire and vision for a liberated society gave shape to many of his 1960s writings and this is what helped him to become a major political, social and intellectual influence durin g his lifetime and years after his death. It was during his tenure at Brandeis University in the year 1958 that Marcuse published a critical study of the Soviet Union (Soviet Marxism) and his view and opinions are what brought to an end the taboo that existed within the government circles of criticizing the USSR and Soviet communism. He distanced himself from those people who had a tendency of viewing Soviet communism as a bureaucratic system that was not capable of reforms and democracy. To him, the Union possessed the potential to become liberal and this indeed was seen in reality in 1980 when the union came under the rule of Gorbavech. In an attempt to theorize the potential decline of capitalism, Marcuse published yet another critical book known as One Dimensional Man in 1964. He argued that the industrial society had succeeded in creating false needs in which individuals would be so much ingrained to satisfy that they would forget about everything else that pertains their lives. Media, industrial management, advertising and contemporary modes of thinking all worked in perfect harmony in order to keep humanity from complaining, negativity and opposition. As a result, man became a one-dimensional creature while his very aptitude and ability for critical thinking withered away. This book was severely criticized by orthodox Marxists and other theorists. However, it remains a great influence in the New Left as it was in the forefront for a demand of revolutionary change that earned Marcuse the respect of new radicals ((Herbert, p.216). Conclusion Eros and Civilization has continued to be a great piece of philosophical criticism that arouses mixed feeling among other philosophers and theorists. Marcuse is today a renowned social, political and economic critic although his influence is slowly but surely waning. However, this fading of his influence can greatly be attributed to the fact that there are not many writings that have followed since the publication of Eros and Civilization to support his works. However, this does not mean that his works have no relevance to the contemporary society we live in today. Marcuse presents humanity with rich and unbeatable philosophical views on human beings and their relationship to society in terms of nature, social theory and radical politics. In addition, Marcuse had a vision of the existence of a liberal, repression-free society that allowed people to attain happiness without necessarily postponing gratification. Marcuse comes out very strongly as a sharp, keen and ever-present social a nalyst. In other writings, he brings out the relationship between technology, economy, and culture and everydays life and even predicts a rapid change. In as much as technology was not so advanced in those days, we in the twenty first century can witness what this philosopher predicated. Marcuse had a great desire to leave behind a legacy and this he achieved without much struggle. Eros and Civilization, if well studied and analyzed forms a basis on which society can become free from oppression and repression and people can learn to live a day at a time. Work cited Herbert M., Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud, London, Routledge, 1987